Sol İçerik

OSI Layers

Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer

OSI Layers

1. Physical Layer

Function: The physical layer is responsible for the physical connection between devices. It handles the transmission and reception of raw bit streams over a physical medium such as cables, fiber optics, or radio frequencies. Key Components: Cables, switches, hubs, and network interface cards (NICs).

2. Data Link Layer

Function: This layer provides node-to-node data transfer and error detection and correction. It ensures that data transferred over the physical layer is error-free. Key Components: Ethernet, switches, and bridges. Sub-layers: Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC).

3. Network Layer

Function: The network layer is responsible for data routing, forwarding, and addressing. It determines the best path to transfer data from source to destination across multiple networks. Key Components: Routers and IP (Internet Protocol).

4. Transport Layer

Function: This layer provides end-to-end communication, error recovery, and flow control. It ensures that data is delivered accurately and in the correct sequence. Key Components: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

5. Session Layer

Function: The session layer manages sessions or connections between applications. It establishes, maintains, and terminates communication sessions. Key Components: APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) and sockets.

6. Presentation Layer

Function: This layer translates data between the application layer and the network. It handles data encryption, compression, and translation of data formats. Key Components: Encryption protocols (such as SSL/TLS), data format translators, and character encoding.

7. Application Layer